Highlights•To date, metabolites from more than 10 different metabolic classes have been
identified as lignin building blocks, totaling 35 monomers.•Despite this flexibility, limitations …

In pursuit of more sustainable and competitive biorefineries, the effective valorisation of
lignin is key. An alluring opportunity is the exploitation of lignin as a resource for chemicals …

The excessive use of petroleum-based non-biodegradable plastic products has resulted in
severe environmental pollution and ecological problems, which has stimulated the …

Fossil fuels are being replaced with renewable energy resources (biomass and biomass
waste, solar, geothermal, wind, etc.) to ensure sustainable development, reduce the …

Lignin is conventionally defined as being formed by the oxidative polymerization of three
main monolignols, p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol, and sinapyl alcohol, that are …

Contents Summary 1703 I. Introduction 1703 II. Cellulose biosynthesis 1705 III. Xylan
biosynthesis 1709 IV. Glucomannan biosynthesis 1713 V. Lignin biosynthesis 1714 VI …

Plant resistance to pathogens relies on a complex network of constitutive and inducible
defensive barriers. The plant cell wall is one of the barriers that pathogens need to …

The structure of the lignin in wheat straw has been investigated by a combination of
analytical pyrolysis, 2D-NMR, and derivatization followed by reductive cleavage (DFRC). It is …

Lignin is a polymer of phenylpropanoid compounds formed through a complex biosynthesis
route, represented by a metabolic grid for which most of the genes involved have been …

Alkali lignin, recovered from the pulping black liquor, was chemically modified by
acetylating, and then used as a biomass resource to prepare uniform colloidal spheres via …