Brazil has a long history in the development of ethanol for use as a liquid fuel for vehicles.
They have developed one of most efficient and economical systems for producing ethanol in …

Abstract The Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area is a unique case worldwide due to the extensive
use of biofuel, particularly ethanol, by its large fleet of nearly 8 million cars. Based on source …

To understand the stability of the gas-phase carbonic acid (H2CO3) molecule, especially in
the Earth's troposphere and lower stratosphere, here we report high level quantum …

Different fuels are used in Brazil and there is little knowledge about the presence of organic
and inorganic acids in the atmosphere of the Brazilian cities. HNO3, HCl, HCOOH and …

The sources and atmospheric chemistry of gas-phase organic acids are currently poorly
understood, due in part to the limited range of measurement techniques available. In this …

A new ion source (IS) utilizing vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light is developed and characterized
for use with iodide–chemical ionization mass spectrometers (I--CIMS). The VUV-IS utilizes a …

Low molecular weight monocarboxylic acids (LMW monoacids) are most abundant volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) in the atmosphere and often act as important contributors to the …

Measurements of air pollutants were made using passive sampling in Brazilian urban
centers. The levels of SO 2 and NO 2 exceeded the WHO recommendations in São Paulo …

Previous studies have reported that the extent of leaf injury in Nicotiana tabacum “Bel-W3”
exposed to environmental conditions in the city of São Paulo is influenced by weather …

Spatial trends of acetate (Ac−) and formate (Fo−) were determined in surface snow samples
along a coastal-inland transect (180 km) in the ice cap region at Princess Elizabeth Land …