When compared to other organisms, plants are atypical with respect to isoprenoid
biosynthesis: they utilize two distinct and separately compartmentalized pathways to build …

Chromoplasts are special organelles that possess superior ability to synthesize and store
massive amounts of carotenoids. They are responsible for the distinctive colors found in …

The SPAD-502 meter is a hand-held device that is widely used for the rapid, accurate and
non-destructive measurement of leaf chlorophyll concentrations. It has been employed …

Chromoplasts are carotenoid-accumulating plastids conferring color to many flowers and
fruits as well as to some tubers and roots. Chromoplast differentiation proceeds from …

Most chloroplast proteins are encoded in the nucleus and synthesized on free, cytosolic
ribosomes in precursor form. Each precursor has an amino‐terminal extension called a …

Chloroplast biogenesis is dependent on master regulators from the GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK)
family of transcription factors. However, glk mutants contain residual chlorophyll, indicating …

Changes in bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of an ordinary (Rio Grande) and
three high-lycopene (HLY 13, HLY 18 and Lyco 2) tomato cultivars (cvs) were studied at four …

Mitochondria and chloroplasts import the vast majority of their proteins across two
membranes, and use translocases of the outer membrane as an entry gate. These …

C4 grasses, such as maize (Zea mays), have high photosynthetic efficiency through
combined biochemical and structural adaptations. C4 photosynthesis is established along …

Chloroplasts develop from proplastids in a process that requires the interplay of nuclear and
chloroplast genomes, but key steps in this developmental process have yet to be elucidated …