The cancer-immunity cycle provides a framework to understand the series of events that
generate anti-cancer immune responses. It emphasizes the iterative nature of the response …

Among new treatment approaches for patients with cancer, few have accelerated as quickly
as neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Neoadjuvant cancer therapy is …

CD8+ T cells are end effectors of cancer immunity. Most forms of effective cancer
immunotherapy involve CD8+ T cell effector function. Here, we review the current …

The generation of anti-tumor immunity in the draining lymph nodes is known as the cancer
immunity cycle. Accumulating evidence supports the occurrence of such a cycle at tumor …

In cancer patients, dendritic cells (DCs) in tumor-draining lymph nodes can present antigens
to naive T cells in ways that break immunological tolerance. The clonally expanded progeny …

T cells can acquire a broad spectrum of differentiation states following activation. At the
extreme ends of this continuum are short-lived cells equipped with effector machinery and …

During persistent antigen stimulation, such as in chronic infections and cancer, CD8 T cells
differentiate into a hypofunctional programmed death protein 1–positive (PD-1+) exhausted …

The past decade has witnessed significant advances in the systemic treatment of advanced
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nevertheless, the newly developed treatment strategies …

The organization of immune cells in human tumors is not well understood. Immunogenic
tumors harbor spatially localized multicellular 'immunity hubs' defined by expression of the T …

Immune checkpoint inhibition treatment using aPD-1 monoclonal antibodies is a promising
cancer immunotherapy approach. However, its effect on tumor immunity is narrow, as most …