Tissue-resident alveolar and interstitial macrophages and recruited macrophages are critical
players in innate immunity and maintenance of lung homeostasis. Until recently, assessing …

Macrophages are dynamic cells that play critical roles in the induction and resolution of
sterile inflammation. In this review, we will compile and interpret recent findings on the …

Macrophages are heterogeneous and their phenotype and functions are regulated by the
surrounding micro‐environment. Macrophages commonly exist in two distinct subsets: 1) …

The importance of gut microbiota in human health and pathophysiology is undisputable.
Despite the abundance of metagenomics data, the functional dynamics of gut microbiota in …

Our understanding of the functions of the IL-1 superfamily cytokine and damage-associated
molecular pattern IL-33 continues to evolve with our understanding of homeostasis and …

Abstract Interleukin-33 (IL-33)—a member of the IL-1 family—was originally described as an
inducer of type 2 immune responses, activating T helper 2 (TH2) cells and mast cells. Now …

Alternatively activated macrophages (AAMs) contribute to the resolution of inflammation and
tissue repair. However, molecular pathways that govern their differentiation have remained …

Type 2 immunity mediates protective responses to helminths and pathological responses to
allergens, but it also has broad roles in the maintenance of tissue integrity, including wound …

Il1rl1 (also known as ST2) is a member of the IL-1 superfamily, and its only known ligand is
IL-33. ST2 exists in two forms as splice variants: a soluble form (sST2), which acts as a …

Microglia are critical nervous system‐specific immune cells serving as tissue‐resident
macrophages influencing brain development, maintenance of the neural environment …