Vesicoureteral reflux represents one of the most concerning topics in pediatric nephrology
due to its frequency, clinical expression with the potential to evolve into chronic kidney …

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common serious bacterial infection in childhood.
Prompt diagnosis and treatment are required for the optimal clinical outcome and the …

Background Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are significant
causes of morbidity. The aim of the study was to determine predictive factors of mortality in …

Background Many studies have indicated a role for cytokines in chronic kidney disease
(CKD). The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma and urinary levels of monocyte …

Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is common in pediatrics. Infection of the upper
urinary tract may cause renal scarring, and subsequently renal failure and hypertension …

Results: Urine concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly higher in febrile UTI
compared to those with non-febrile UTI and ABU (p< 0.5, p< 0.01) and positively correlated …

Background Urine biomarkers are commonly used in the evaluation of acute kidney injury,
and are gaining attention as tools for studying urinary tract infections (UTIs). We analyzed …

Background Acute pyelonephritis (APN) is one of the most significant bacterial infections in
infancy and early childhood, and can lead to permanent kidney damage and chronic renal …

THE FOUR ORIGINAL PAPERS ARE 1. Madsen MG, Nørregaard R, Stødkilde L,
Christensen JH, Jørgensen TM, Frøkiær J. Urine and kidney cytokine profiles in …

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is one of the most important disorders encountered in pediatric
nephrology due to its frequency and potential evolution to chronic kidney disease (CKD) …