The only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB), bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG),
protects against severe extrapulmonary forms of TB but is virtually ineffective against the …

The soil-dwelling social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum feeds on bacteria. Each meal is
a potential infection because some bacteria have evolved mechanisms to resist predation …

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy.
Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered …

The eukaryotic-type protein kinase G (PknG), one of the eleven eukaryotic type serine-
threonine protein kinase (STPK) in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is involved in …

Phagocytic cells capture and kill most invader microbes within the bactericidal phagosome,
but some pathogens subvert killing by damaging the compartment and escaping to the …

Autophagy is a conserved intracellular degradation process enclosing the bulk of cytosolic
components for lysosomal degradation to maintain cellular homeostasis. Accumulating …

Autophagy is a widely conserved process in eukaryotes that is involved in a series of
physiological and pathological events, including development, immunity, neurodegenerative …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a very successful pathogen, strictly adapted to humans
and the cause of tuberculosis. Its success is associated with its ability to inhibit host cell …

Xenophagy is an important cellular defence mechanism against cytosol-invading
pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Activation of xenophagy in …

Macropinocytosis, an evolutionarily conserved mechanism mediating nonspecific bulk
uptake of extracellular fluid, has been ascribed diverse functions. How nascent …