Simple Summary The monitoring and assessment of animals is important for their health and
welfare. The appropriate selection of multiple, validated, and feasible welfare assessment …

A species-specific composite pain scale is a prerequisite for adequate pain assessment. The
aim of this study was to develop a multidimensional pain scale specific to rabbits …

Human‐derived tumor models are essential for preclinical development of new anticancer
drug entities. Generating animal models bearing tumors of human origin, such as patient …

Aim and objective This study was to establish an index system for the evaluation of Chinese
infectious disease specialist nurses' core competence. Background The index system for the …

Simple Summary Reptiles are commonly housed in human care in zoo and wildlife parks,
and as pets. In comparison to many other taxa, especially mammals, there is less known …

Wildlife management can influence animal welfare and survival, although both are often not
explicitly integrated into decision making. This study explores fundamental concepts and key …

Animal welfare assessment relies on valid and practical indicators of affect. In mice, the most
widely used research vertebrates, lying still with eyes open, inactive-but-awake (IBA) in the …

Simple Summary The protection and welfare of laboratory animals is ethically and legally
required. Any possible impairment of well-being caused by husbandry or experiment must …

Management of live cetacean strandings generally focuses on refloating animals, yet there
is a lack of scientific data to inform decision-making. Valid indicators that are practical to …

Introduction As the frequency of infectious diseases rises, it's more important than ever to
pay attention to the competency level of front-line nurses as the primary force in front-line …