Autoimmune diseases are caused when immune cells act against self-protein. This
biological self–non-self-discrimination phenomenon is controlled by a distinct group of …

A phenomenon known for over 100 years named “cell-in-cell”(CIC) is now undergoing its
renaissance, mostly due to modern cell visualization techniques. It is no longer an esoteric …

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare but potentially fatal disease in children. The etiology is
multifactorial, including infection, autoimmune, and genetic disorders, as well as …

Activation of the hepatic stellate cell is implicated in pathological vascularization during
development of liver fibrosis. MAPK signaling is involved in the activation of hepatic stellate …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant type of glioma with the worst prognosis.
Traditional therapies (surgery combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy) have limited …

Cell-in-cell structures (CICs) refer to cytoplasmic internalization of a cell by another cell,
which are found throughout various biological systems and have been a part of scientific …

Background As an “immune-privileged organ”, the liver has higher rates of both
spontaneous tolerance and operational tolerance after being transplanted compared with …

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a major role in tempering inflammation in the liver and have
become a novel tool in the treatment of autoimmunity and cancer. Through recent findings, a …