Type I interferons (IFNs) have diverse effects on innate and adaptive immune cells during
infection with viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi, directly and/or indirectly through the …

Although the role of type I interferon (IFN) in the protection against viral infections has been
known and studied for decades, its role in other immunologically relevant scenarios …

Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that are important for immune responses, particularly to
intracellular pathogens. They are divided into two structurally and functionally distinct types …

Certain pathogenic species of Bacillus and Clostridium have developed unique methods for
intoxicating cells that employ the classic enzymatic “AB” paradigm for protein toxins. The …

While the recognition of microbial infection often occurs at the cell surface via Toll-like
receptors, the cytosol of the cell is also under surveillance for microbial products that breach …

For a long time, the family of type I interferons (IFN‐α/β) has received little attention outside
the fields of virology and tumor immunology. In recent years, IFN‐α/β regained the interest of …

The immune system of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract manages the significant task of
recognizing and eliminating pathogens while maintaining tolerance of commensal bacteria …

Abstract Type I IFNs (IFNIs) have pleiotropic functions in regulating host innate and adaptive
immune responses to pathogens. To elucidate the role of IFNIs in host resistance to …

Type I and III Interferons (IFNs) are archetypally antiviral cytokines that are induced in
response to recognition of foreign material by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Though …

Type I interferon signaling contributes to the development of innate and adaptive immune
responses to either viruses, fungi, or bacteria. However, amplitude and timing of the …