The investigation of semantic context effects has served as a valuable tool in investigating
mechanisms of language production. Classic semantic interference effects have provided …

The primary goal of research on the functional and neural architecture of bilingualism is to
elucidate how bilingual individuals' language architecture is organized such that they can …

Semantic cognition requires conceptual representations shaped by verbal and nonverbal
experience and executive control processes that regulate activation of knowledge to meet …

This book offers a general introduction to reaction time research as relevant to Second
Language Studies and explores a collection of tasks and paradigms that are often used in …

The dominant view in the field of lexical access in speech production maintains that
selection of a word becomes more difficult as the levels of activation of nontarget words …

How do bilinguals selectively retrieve words from either the first or second language when
both words express the same conceptual content? Formulated in this way, this problem is …

Robust statistics is an extension of classical statistics that specifically takes into account the
concept that the underlying models used to describe data are only approximate. Its basic …

Based on findings that fluency of mental operations is hedonically marked and associated
with more favorable evaluations of the processed target (Reber, Schwarz, & Winkielman …

When participants in an experiment have to name pictures while ignoring distractor words
superimposed on the picture or presented auditorily (ie, picture-word interference …

Four lexical decision experiments were conducted to examine under which conditions
automatic semantic priming effects can be obtained. Experiments 1 and 2 analyzed …