The purpose of the research presented in this paper is to obtain a design that will minimise
the cost of a steel tower for a wind turbine. The wind turbine tower investigated is …

Currently, renewable energy resources are becoming more important to reduce greenhouse
gas emissions and increase energy efficiency. Researchers have focused on all …

In the structural optimization of a ring-stiffened cylindrical shell the unknown variables are
the shell thickness as well as the thickness and the number of flat rings. The shell diameter …

This paper presents the single-and multiobjective optimization of a welded stringer-stiffened
cylindrical steel shell. A column fixed at the bottom and free on the top is constructed of …

Two structural versions are designed for a 45m high tower of a 1 MW wind turbine. In the
case of the ring-stiffened slightly conical shell constraints on buckling, eigenfrequency and …

A new and promising optimization technique is introduced: the particle swarm optimization
(PSO). In this evolutionary technique the social behavior of birds is imitated. The technique …

A wind turbine tower is constructed as a slightly conical ring-stiffened welded steel shell. The
45 m high shell is approximated by three cylindrical shell parts of 15 m length, having an …