Protists, which are single-celled eukaryotes, critically influence the ecology and chemistry of
marine ecosystems, but genome-based studies of these organisms have lagged behind …

The origin of plastids (chloroplasts) by endosymbiosis stands as one of the most important
events in the history of eukaryotic life. The genetic, biochemical, and cell biological …

Assembling the global eukaryotic tree of life has long been a major effort of Biology. In
recent years, pushed by the new availability of genome-scale data for microbial eukaryotes …

In 1981 I established kingdom Chromista, distinguished from Plantae because of its more
complex chloroplast-associated membrane topology and rigid tubular multipartite ciliary …

The endosymbiotic origin of plastids from cyanobacteria gave eukaryotes photosynthetic
capabilities and launched the diversification of countless forms of algae. These primary …

The endosymbiotic origin of plastids from cyanobacteria was a landmark event in the history
of eukaryotic life. Subsequent to the evolution of primary plastids, photosynthesis spread …

Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), or lateral gene transfer, is the non-sexual movement of
genetic information between genomes. It has played a pronounced part in bacterial and …

Euglena spp. are phototrophic flagellates with considerable ecological presence and
impact. Euglena gracilis harbours secondary green plastids, but an incompletely …

After their endosymbiotic acquisition, plastids become intimately connected with the biology
of their host. For example, genes essential for plastid function may be relocated from the …

Dinoflagellates are a diverse group of ecologically significant micro-eukaryotes that can
serve as a model system for plastid symbiogenesis due to their susceptibility to plastid loss …