Background Polyploidy or whole-genome duplication is now recognized as being present in
almost all lineages of higher plants, with multiple rounds of polyploidy occurring in most …

Background and aims Angiosperms are the most species-rich group of land plants, but their
origins and fast and intense diversification still require an explanation. Scope Extending …

Abstract Background and Aims Niche divergence between polyploids and their lower ploidy
progenitors is one of the primary mechanisms fostering polyploid establishment and …

Traditional classification of speciation modes has focused on physical barriers to gene flow.
Allopatric speciation with complete reproductive isolation is viewed as the most common …

Habitat divergence plays a driving role in speciation. Severe environmental fluactuations
and/or stress may bring about unreduced gamete formation in germline or mitotic errors in …

Polyploidization is hypothesized to improve the freezing resistance of plants in cold regions.
However, adaptive strategies and key physiological mechanisms involved in the freezing …

Cactaceae are American members of arid and semi-arid regions and are also present in
tropical forests and temperate climates. The taxonomy is complex owing to large …

The tropics hold at least an order of magnitude greater plant diversity than the temperate
zone, yet the reasons for this difference are still subject to debate. Much of tropical plant …

Aims Knowledge of genetic structure of natural populations and its determinants may
provide key insights into the ability of species to adapt to novel environments. In many …

Angiosperms are believed to have emerged initially in the tropics and expanded their
distribution range poleward through diverse mechanisms, for example polyploidization …