The synapse has emerged as a critical neuronal structure in the degenerative process of
Alzheimer disease (AD), in which the pathogenic signals of two key players—amyloid-β (Aβ) …

The molecular composition of presynaptic and postsynaptic neuronal terminals is dynamic,
and yet long-term stabilizations in postsynaptic responses are necessary for synaptic …

One of the major challenges in modern biology is to understand how the molecular
components of a living cell operate in a highly noisy environment. What are the specific …

Dendritic spines are small subcompartments that protrude from the dendrites of neurons and
are important for signaling activity and synaptic communication. These subcompartments …

Calcium directly controls or indirectly regulates numerous functions that are critical for
neuronal network activity. Intracellular calcium concentration is tightly regulated by …

RTP801/REDD1 is a stress-regulated protein whose upregulation is necessary and
sufficient to trigger neuronal death. Its downregulation in Parkinson's and Huntington's …

Dendritic spines are major sites of excitatory synaptic connection in pyramidal neurons of
the forebrain, and their functional regulation underlies the development of functional …

Actual or perceived behavioral control during a traumatic event can promote resilience
against future adversity, but the long-term cellular and circuit mechanisms by which this …

Spines are tiny nanoscale protrusions from dendrites of neurons. In the cortex and
hippocampus, most of the excitatory postsynaptic sites reside in spines. The bulbous spine …

Pyramidal neurons (PNs) are covered by thousands of dendritic spines receiving excitatory
synaptic inputs. The ultrastructure of dendritic spines shapes signal compartmentalization …