Vaginal rings (VRs) are flexible, torus-shaped, polymeric devices designed to sustain
delivery of pharmaceutical drugs to the vagina for clinical benefit. Following first report in a …

Antiretroviral-based strategies for HIV prevention have shown inconsistent results in women.
We investigated whether vaginal microbiota modulated tenofovir gel microbicide efficacy in …

There is a renewed interest in delivering pharmaceutical products via intravaginal rings
(IVRs). IVRs are flexible torus-shaped drug delivery systems that can be easily inserted and …

Tenofovir (TFV) disoproxil fumarate (TDF)±emtricitabine (FTC) are widely used for HIV
treatment and chemoprophylaxis, but variable adherence may lead to suboptimal …

Although the balance of recent evidence supports the efficacy of antiretroviral (ARV)-based
pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) against HIV-1 infection, recent negative trial results are …

Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trials report disparate efficacy attributed to variable
adherence. HPTN 066 was conducted to establish objective, quantitative benchmarks for …

Background Oral and vaginal preparations of tenofovir as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have demonstrated variable efficacy in …

Combining two or more antiretroviral drugs in one medical product is an interesting but
challenging strategy for developing topical anti-HIV microbicides. We developed a new …

Background Globally, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection is the most common
cause of genital ulcer disease. Effective prevention strategies for HSV-2 infection are …

ABSTRACT A vaginal gel containing the antiretroviral tenofovir (TFV) recently demonstrated
39% protection against HIV infection in women. We designed and evaluated a novel …