Significance: Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful technique to
distinguish the unique molecular environment of fluorophores. FLIM measures the time a …

Biomedical fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II, 100–1700 nm) window
provides great potential for visualizing physiological and pathological processes, owing to …

This review focuses on the smart chemistry that has been utilized in developing polymer-
based drug delivery systems over the past 10 years. We provide a comprehensive overview …

The development of traditional tumor-targeted drug delivery systems based on EPR effect
and receptor-mediated endocytosis is very challenging probably because of the biological …

When a molecule absorbs a photon of appropriate energy, a chain of photophysical events
ensues, such as internal conversion or vibrational relaxation (loss of energy in the absence …

Applications for advanced functional soft materials that possess precisely engineered
properties and functional groups have been expanding significantly with the development of …

Fluorescence spectroscopy, one of the most informative and sensitive analytical techniques,
has played and continues to play key roles in modern research. Indeed, unraveling the inner …

In the past decade, nanomedicine with its promise of improved therapy and diagnostics has
revolutionized conventional health care and medical technology. Dendrimers and dendrimer …

Dendrimers up to the fourth generation were successfully prepared via the divergent growth
strategy using a combination of thiol-ene “click” chemistry and traditional esterification …

Tunable, ultra-pH responsive fluorescent nanoparticles with multichromatic emissions are
highly valuable in a variety of biological studies, such as endocytic trafficking …