Astrocytes react to CNS injury by building a dense wall of filamentous processes around the
lesion. Stromal cells quickly take up residence in the lesion core and synthesize connective …

After injury to the adult central nervous system (CNS), injured axons cannot regenerate past
the lesion. In this review, we present evidence that this is due to the formation of a glial scar …

Swelling of the brain or spinal cord (CNS edema) affects millions of people every year. All
potential pharmacological interventions have failed in clinical trials, meaning that symptom …

Trauma to the central nervous system (CNS) triggers intraparenchymal inflammation and
activation of systemic immunity with the capacity to exacerbate neuropathology and …

In the central nervous system (CNS), the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-κ B is a key
regulator of inflammation and secondary injury processes. After trauma or disease, the …

Scar formation in the nervous system begins within hours after traumatic injury and is
characterized primarily by reactive astrocytes depositing proteoglycans that inhibit …

New cells are continuously generated from immature proliferating cells throughout
adulthood in many organs, thereby contributing to the integrity of the tissue under …

Traumatic damage to the central nervous system (CNS) destroys the blood–brain barrier
(BBB) and provokes the invasion of hematogenous cells into the neural tissue. Invading …

Throughout the body, the extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structure and organization to
tissues and also helps regulate cell migration and intercellular communication. In the injured …

Glial scarring following severe tissue damage and inflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI)
is due to an extreme, uncontrolled form of reactive astrogliosis that typically occurs around …