BACKGROUND Reduced caloric intake without malnutrition is the oldest known life span–
extending intervention. Laboratory studies throughout the 20th century established and …

Reduced food intake, avoiding malnutrition, can ameliorate aging and aging-associated
diseases in invertebrate model organisms, rodents, primates, and humans. Recent findings …

Autophagy and endocytosis deliver unneeded cellular materials to lysosomes for
degradation. Beyond processing cellular waste, lysosomes release metabolites and ions …

Dietary restriction (DR) is the most robust environmental manipulation known to increase
active and healthy lifespan in many species. Despite differences in the protocols and the …

Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to numerous health problems, including neurological
and muscular degeneration, cardiomyopathies, cancer, diabetes, and pathologies of aging …

Leigh syndrome is a rare, complex, and incurable early onset (typically infant or early
childhood) mitochondrial disorder with both phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity. The …

One of the original hypotheses of organismal longevity posits that aging is the natural result
of entropy on the cells, tissues, and organs of the animal—a slow, inexorable slide into …

Mitochondria and lysosomes are functionally linked, and their interdependent decline is a
hallmark of aging and disease. Despite the long-standing connection between these …

Lysosomes are the main catabolic organelles of a cell and play a pivotal role in a plethora of
cellular processes, including responses to nutrient availability and composition, stress …

The aging process is accompanied by the onset of disease and a general decline in
wellness. Insights into the aging process have revealed a number of cellular hallmarks of …