As a family of hormones with pleiotropic effects, natriuretic peptide (NP) system includes
atrial NP (ANP), B-type NP (BNP), C-type NP (CNP), dendroaspis NP and urodilatin, with NP …

Increased neurohumoral stimulation resulting in excessive sodium avidity and extracellular
volume overload are hallmark features of decompensated heart failure. Especially in case of …

Background In patients with acute heart failure, early intervention with an intravenous
vasodilator has been proposed as a therapeutic goal to reduce cardiac-wall stress and …

The biology of the natriuretic peptide (NP) system is complex, yet highly phylogenetically
preserved. It regulates salt and water handling, promotes vasodilatation, and exerts …

TOPCAT (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone
Antagonist Trial) trial for efficacy in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF), a disease …

Since the discovery of atrial natriuretic factor by de Bold et al., there has been tremendous
progress in our understanding of the physiologic, diagnostic and therapeutic roles of the …

Aims Ularitide is a synthetic form of urodilatin, a natriuretic peptide produced in the kidney
with vasodilating, natriuretic, and diuretic effects, that offers promise for the management of …

Background Acute heart failure is a public health concern. This study systematically
reviewed randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to evaluate vasodilators in acute heart failure …

Congestion, defined by elevated cardiac filling pressures, is the major driver of
hospitalization in acute decompensated heart failure. Careful clinical assessment should …

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a progressive disorder whereby
cardiac structure and function continue to deteriorate, often despite the absence of clinically …