Background Because of their broad applications in our life, nanoparticles are expected to be
present in the environment raising many concerns about their possible adverse effects on …

Previous studies have shown that caffeine (1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine) has some potential for
its use as a biostimulant ingredient for boosting lentil production at suboptimal temperatures …

Many studies on the toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) have reported different levels of toxicity
for various types of NPs. This study aimed to examine the morpho-ultrastructural impact of …

Caffeine is a characteristic secondary metabolite in tea plants. It confers tea beverage with
unique flavor and excitation effect on human body. The pathway of caffeine biosynthesis has …

Better crop stand establishment, a function of rapid and uniform seedling emergence,
depends on the activities of germination-related enzymes, which is problematic when there …

Cigarette smoking is the acknowledged major cause of cancers of the lung and oral cavity
and is an established important risk factor for multiple other cancers. DNA addition products …

Koelreuteria integrifoliola, an important ornamental plant, has interference effect on the turf
grass. However, the mechanisms of its allelopathy to plants has not been fully elucidated …

Heavy metals are characterised by a relatively high density and cause genotoxic, cytotoxic
and mutagenic effects on plants, animals and humans. Lead (Pb) is one of the heavy metals …

Mixed inorganic and organic contaminations are one of the main challenges in
phytoremediation, due to the higher complexity derived by pollutant interactions and the …

Nicotine is an alkaloid which only highly exists in tobacco plants. It accounts for 95% of its
total alkaloid content. Nicotine is synthesized in the roots and transported via the xylem to …