Oxidative stress occurs when the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) overcome the
antioxidant defenses of the organism, jeopardizing several biological functions, including …

The majority of the world population is now inhabiting urban areas, and with staggering
population growth, urbanization is also increasing. While the work studying the effects of …

The concept of stress is notoriously difficult to define, despite its ubiquity in both common
parlance and the scientific literature. Given the clear importance of understanding how …

Rates of human-induced environmental change continue increasing with human population
size, potentially altering animal physiology and negatively affecting wildlife. Researchers …

Ecosystem disturbance is increasing in extent, severity and frequency across the globe. To
date, research has largely focussed on the impacts of disturbance on animal population …

There is growing interest in the use of glucocorticoid (GC) hormones to understand how wild
animals respond to environmental challenges. Blood is the best medium for obtaining …

When access to resources is limited, organisms must shift energy investment among
physiological processes to survive, reproduce, and respond to unpredictable events. The …

Oxidative stress is a potential cost of reproduction, but conclusive evidence for this
relationship is lacking. The goal of this study was to serially assess across a seasonal …

Reptiles rely on thermal heat exchange to achieve body temperatures (Tbody) conducive to
maintaining homeostasis. Diurnal changes in the thermal environment are therefore liable to …

Human activities catalyse risk avoidance behaviours in wildlife across taxa and systems.
However, the broader ecological significance of human‐induced risk perception remains …