Little is known about climate change effects in the transition region between the Earth's
atmosphere and space, roughly at 80–120 km. Some of the earliest observations in this …

The mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT, 80–100 km) region is an important boundary
between Earth's atmosphere below and space above and may act as a sensitive indicator …

Water vapor (H2O) measurements made by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using
Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument between 2002 and 2018 and by the …

Polar mesospheric clouds (PMC), or noctilucent clouds, can be observed over high latitudes
with the naked eye from the ground or from space near the summer solstice. PMC are …

Sporadic E-layers (Es) are thin and denser layers with high ionization observed at about 100–
140 km altitude in the E region. Their formation is mainly associated with the tidal …

The 2020 summer season had more frequent than usual occurrences of noctilucent clouds
(NLCs) in the Northern Hemisphere at middle latitudes (45–50° N), with the lowest latitude at …

Using temperature data measured by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband
Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument from February 2002 to March 2020, the …

The response of the polar mesosphere to the 11‐year solar cycle is investigated using
satellite observations from 1979 to 2018. Solar maximum is expected to cause higher …

Previous studies have demonstrated that the diurnal variability of mesospheric water vapor
involves a non‐linear interplay between dynamics, photochemistry, and catalytic processes …

This work presents a method for estimating the migrating diurnal tide (DW1) component of
mesospheric H2O from observations of the temperature tide and zonal‐mean H2O made by …