Optimal vascular structure and function are essential for maintaining the physiological
functions of the cardiovascular system. Vascular remodelling involves changes in vessel …

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of early death in the settings of chronic kidney
disease (CKD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and ageing. Cardiovascular events can be …

Background: The endothelium plays a pivotal role in homeostatic mechanisms. It specifically
modulates vascular tone by releasing vasodilatory mediators, which act on the vascular …

An overview of the mechanisms in vascular calcification duri... : Current Opinion in Nephrology
and Hypertension An overview of the mechanisms in vascular calcification during chronic kidney …

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are generally formed by back splicing and are expressed in
various cells. Vascular calcification (VC), a common complication of chronic kidney disease …

Arterial medial calcification (AMC) is thought to share some outward similarities to skeletal
mineralization and has been associated with the transdifferentiation of vascular smooth …

Abstract P2Y receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for extracellular
nucleotides. There are eight mammalian P2Y receptor subtypes (P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6 …

Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1 (NPP1) hydrolyzes phosphodiester
bonds of nucleotides such as ATP, resulting mainly in the formation of AMP and …

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the primary cell type involved in the
atherosclerosis process; senescent VSMCs are observed in both aged vessels and …

Arterial calcification, the deposition of calcium-phosphate crystals in the extracellular matrix,
resembles physiological bone mineralization. It is well-known that extracellular nucleotides …