Sperm cryopreservation is a powerful tool for the livestock breeding program. Several
technical attempts have been made to enhance the efficiency of spermatozoa …

BACKGROUND ICSI is currently the most commonly used assisted reproductive technology,
accounting for 70–80% of the cycles performed. This extensive use, even excessive, is partly …

BACKGROUND In mammals, oocyte activation at fertilization is thought to be induced by the
sperm-specific phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ). However, it still remains to be conclusively …

BACKGROUND The complexity of fertilization failure during assisted reproductive
technologies (ART) is often under-appreciated, as this failure can occur at any number of …

The first edition of the Textbook of Assisted Reproductive Techniques was published in
2001. As the textbook now enters its sixth edition, some 45 years since the birth of Louise …

Among infertile couples, 25% involve both male and female factors, while male factor alone
accounts for another 25% due to oligo-, astheno-, teratozoospermia, a combination of the …

Since the establishment of in vitro fertilization, it became evident that almost half of the
couples failed to achieve fertilization and this phenomenon was attributed to a male gamete …

Mammalian fertilization has traditionally been regarded as a simple blending of two
gametes, during which the haploid genome of the fertilizing spermatozoon constitutes the …

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between different preincubation
periods of oocytes and the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). We analysed …

In this study, we analysed the distribution of β tubulins to detect spindle and cytoplasmic
microtubules, α acetylated tubulins for sperm microtubules and chromatin configuration in …