Fifth-generation (5G) networks offer high-speed data transmission with low latency,
increased base station volume, improved quality of service (QoS), and massive multiple …

The advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) enables different customized services to ease the
day‐to‐day life activities of users by utilizing information attained through the internet …

Handover is crucial for data portability, real-time data generation, and data processing in
mobile technology. Up to 4G, handover efficiency reached optimal stability. However, with …