The gastrointestinal tract is a specialized organ in which dynamic interactions between host
cells and the complex environment occur in addition to food digestion. Together with the …

Various therapeutic advances have led to a paradigm shift in the clinical management of
patients with IBD. The introduction of immunosuppressive (such as azathioprine) and …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial disease which arises as a result of the
interaction of genetic, environmental, barrier and microbial factors leading to chronic …

Polyphenols, including phenolics, alkaloids, and terpenes, are secondary metabolites that
are commonly found in fruits, vegetables, and beverages, such as tea, coffee, wine …

Background: Green tea has been shown to have beneficial effects against a variety of
diseases such as cancer, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are
characterised by aberrant immunological responses leading to chronic inflammation without …

Macrolides are among the most widely prescribed broad spectrum antibacterials, particularly
for respiratory infections. It is now recognized that these drugs, in particular azithromycin …

Background Changes in hygiene and dietary habits, including increased consumption of
foods high in fat, simple sugars, and salt that are known to impact the composition and …

Neutrophils are one of the first immune cell types that are recruited to injury and infection
site. As a vital component of the immune system, neutrophils are heterogeneous immune …

Inflammation is a central mechanism for dealing with insults to tissue, either from pathogenic
invaders or by other damage-inducing means, such that the threat is removed, the tissue is …