This paper first reviews the concept of functional diversity in general terms and then applies
it to free-living aquatic ciliates. Ciliates are extremely versatile organisms and display an …

Red tides–discolorations of the sea surface due to dense plankton blooms–occur regularly
in coastal and offshore waters along much of the world's coastline. Red tides often cause …

Functional ecology is a subdiscipline that aims to enable a mechanistic understanding of
patterns and processes from the organismic to the ecosystem level. This paper addresses …

Protozoa play a pivotal role in the microbial cycle, and ciliated protozoan grazing habits are
associated with dimethyl sulfide (DMS) cycle. Many studies have explored the impacts of …

To explore the ecophysiological characteristics of the kleptoplastidic dinoflagellate Shimiella
gracilenta, we determined its spatiotemporal distribution in Korean coastal waters and …

Dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium are commonly recognized as invertebrate
endosymbionts that are of central importance for the functioning of coral reef ecosystems …

The dinoflagellate genus Alexandrium is known to often form harmful algal blooms causing
human illness and large-scale mortality of marine organisms. Therefore, the population …

Heterotrophic dinoflagellates Gyrodinium spp. are one of the major grazers of phytoplankton
in many coastal waters. Gyrodinium dominans, G. jinhaense, and G. moestrupii have similar …

The genus Alexandrium often forms harmful algal blooms causing human illness and large-
scale mortality of fish and shellfish. Thus, Alexandrium bloom dynamics are primary …

Species belonging to the dinoflagellate genus Prorocentrum are known to cause red tides or
harmful algal blooms. To understand the dynamics of a Prorocentrum sp., its growth and …