In September of 2011, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS),
the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development …

BDNF is the best-characterized neurotrophin in terms of its gene structure and modulation,
secretion processing, and signaling cascades following its release. In addition to diverse …

Rett syndrome (RTT) is an X-linked neurological disorder caused by mutations in the gene
encoding the transcriptional modulator methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2). Typical RTT …

Abstract The IGF-I/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway plays an important role in the
regulation of cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival, metabolism and …

Microglia are the immune cells of the brain, involved in synapse formation, circuit sculpting,
myelination, plasticity, and cognition. Being active players during early development as well …

In order to understand the consequences of the mutation on behavioral and biological
phenotypes relevant to autism, mutations in many of the risk genes for autism spectrum …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the AβPP/PS1
transgenic mouse model is a commonly used experimental model to mimic the pathological …

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social and communication
impairments and repetitive behaviours. The inbred BTBR T+ tf/J (BTBR) strain, a putative …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by social communication deficits,
cognitive rigidity, and repetitive stereotyped behaviors. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have …

Fragile X syndrome is caused by lack of FMR1 protein (FMRP) leading to severe symptoms,
including intellectual disability, hyperactivity and autistic-like behaviour. FMRP is an RNA …