Catalyst layer (CL) is the core component of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells,
which determines the performance, durability, and cost. However, difficulties remain for a …

Abstract The 3D (three-dimensional) multi-phase CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model
is widely utilized in optimizing water and thermal management of PEM (proton exchange …

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has been recognized as a promising zero-
emission power source for portable, mobile and stationary applications. To simultaneously …

The real-time model-based control of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells
requires a computationally efficient and sufficiently accurate model to predict the transient …

Reactant distribution and water management are critically important to the performance of
proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The application of baffle plate is an effective …

A comprehensive 3D (three-dimensional) multiphase model of PEMFC (proton exchange
membrane fuel cell) is developed, in which the gas and liquid two-phase flow in channel …

A three-dimensional multiphase numerical model for proton exchange membrane fuel cell
(PEMFC) is developed to study the fuel cell performance and water transport properties with …

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been considered as a promising
power source for electric vehicles. However, the widespread use of PEMFCs requires a …

Water balance has been proven to be critical not only for the performance but also for the
durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). This paper reviews …

A lung-inspired approach is employed to overcome reactant homogeneity issues in polymer
electrolyte fuel cells. The fractal geometry of the lung is used as the model to design flow …