People move differently in pain. Although this statement is unquestioned, the underlying
mechanisms are surprisingly poorly understood. Existing theories are relatively simplistic …

Many authors report changes in the control of the trunk muscles in people with low back pain
(LBP). Although there is considerable disagreement regarding the nature of these changes …

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This paper provides an analysis of the literature on trunk muscle recruitment in low-back
pain patients. Two models proposed in the literature, the pain–spasm–pain model and the …

Movement is changed in pain and is the target of clinical interventions. Yet the
understanding of the physiological basis for movement adaptation in pain remains limited …

Neuromuscular fatigue has traditionally been examined using isolated forms of either
isometric, concentric or eccentric actions. However, none of these actions are naturally …

Study Design. A comparative study of trunk muscle recruitment patterns in healthy control
subjects and patients with chronic low back pain was conducted. Objective. To assess trunk …

Many studies have identified changes in trunk muscle recruitment in clinical low back pain
(LBP). However, due to the heterogeneity of the LBP population these changes have been …

A review of the literature on the pathophysiology of upper extremity muscle disorders
(UEMDs) was performed. An overview is given of clinical findings and hypotheses on the …

Objective: To assess whether the motor system excitability can be modified by experimental
tonic pain induced either in muscles or in subcutis. Methods: Transcranial magnetic …