Calpains are cysteine proteases expressed in skeletal muscle fibers and other cells.
Although calpain was first reported to act as a kinase activating factor in skeletal muscle, the …

Skeletal muscle contraction relies on both high-fidelity calcium (Ca2+) signals and robust
capacity for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation. Ca2+ release units (CRUs) are highly …

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal X-linked degenerative muscle disease
caused by the absence of the microtubule-associated protein dystrophin, which results in a …

The endoplasmic reticulum is a major organelle in all eukaryotic cells which performs
multiple functions including protein and lipid synthesis and sorting, drug metabolism, and Ca …

Human engineered heart tissues have potential to revolutionize cardiac development
research, drug-testing, and treatment of heart disease; however, implementation is limited by …

Quantitative analysis of Ca2+ fluctuations in the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum
(ER/SR) is essential to defining the mechanisms of Ca2+-dependent signaling under …

Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ influx mechanism triggered by
depletion of Ca2+ stores from the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR). We recently …

The flow of intracellular calcium (Ca2+) is critical for the activation and regulation of
important biological events that are required in living organisms. As the major Ca2+ …

Activation of the intracellular Ca 2+ channel ryanodine receptor (RyR) triggers a cytosolic Ca
2+ surge, while elevated cytosolic Ca 2+ inhibits the channel in a negative feedback …

Abstract Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)
transmembrane protein, activates store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE) in skeletal muscle …