The peripheral nervous system (PNS) relays messages between the central nervous system
(brain and spinal cord) and the body. Despite this critical role and widespread distribution …

An update of the 2006 American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) Small
Animal Consensus Statement on Lyme Disease in Dogs: Diagnosis, Treatment, and …

In the present review, the authors, based on the multiple functions performed by the liver,
analyze the multiple biochemical and hematological changes as an expression of altered …

Borrelia burgdorferi infection is common in horses living in Lyme endemic areas and the
geographic range for exposure is increasing. Morbidity after B. burgdorferi infection in …

A clinician and a pathologist collaborate to create a comprehensive yet practical book about
established infectious diseases of horses, categorised according to the different pathogens …

Assessment of body temperature is an essential part of every physical examination. As with
all mammalian species, horses normally maintain their core body temperatures within a …

Background Accurate antemortem EPM diagnosis requires evidence of intrathecal antibody
production. Some advocate the use of acute phase proteins in addition to serology, which …

Background Facial nerve paralysis (FNP) in equids is not well described in the veterinary
literature. Objective To investigate the causes of FNP and associations among clinical …

Lyme-borreliosis is a zoonotic, infectious disease that has a complex chain of transmission
of the pathogen Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and includes the relationship between ixodid …

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a rare condition in adult horses characterized
by hypogammaglobulinemia and increased susceptibility to parasitic and bacterial …