Prospective cohort studies show that higher intakes of ultra-processed food (UPF) increase
the risk of obesity and obesity-related outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, cancer …

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) offers unique opportunities to explore the gut–liver axis
owing to the close association between liver disease and colonic inflammation. It is well …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease of the colorectal area that
demonstrates a dramatically increasing incidence worldwide. This study provides novel …

Microorganisms found in the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are symbiotic under steady
state conditions and have role in the homeostasis of the human host. The term microbiome …

The gut microbiota is a rich and dynamic ecosystem that actively interacts with the human
body, playing a significant role in the state of health and disease of the host. Diet, exercise …

Introduction Flavonoids have antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and other biological
activities. They have high market value and are widely used in food and medicine fields …

Abstract Background Aberrant tryptophan (Trp)-kynurenine (Kyn) metabolism has been
implicated in the pathogenesis of human disease. In particular, populations with long-term …

Diet is intimately linked to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and has potent effects on intestinal
immune homeostasis. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic …

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are characterized by inflammation in the
gastrointestinal tract and include Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease. These diseases …

Understanding the interrelationship between the gut microbiota and host physiology,
although still in its relative infancy, has taken important steps forward over the past decade …