In order to measure ideology, political scientists heavily rely on the so-called left-right scale.
Left and right are, however, abstract political concepts and may trigger different associations …

The mobilization of culturally rooted issues has altered political competition throughout
Western Europe. This article analyzes to what extent the mobilization of immigration issues …

Although the analysis of parties and party systems has proved an enduring concern within
comparative European politics, the amount of attention that the topic has received has …

Concerns over affective polarization in Western democracies are growing. But which
broader political distinctions are also affective demarcations? As inter-party cooperation is …

This major new text by two leading authorities in the field provides a state-of-the-art
assessment of what we know about voting behaviour and the character, consequences and …

The increasing importance of New Politics or authoritarian‐libertarian values to electoral
behaviour in advanced Western industrial democracies and the previously documented …

This article examines changes in the electoral relevance of traditional social cleavage
groups in eight West European democracies, where electoral relevance is defined as group …

The article investigates the differences among West European countries in terms of the
degree to which individuals' left—right self-placement is anchored in social, value and …

How can we explain variation in demand for redistribution among cross-pressured voters?
We argue that redistributive preferences reflect an interaction between material self-interest …

Given the significance of the left‐right dimension as one of the most frequently employed
capping term of ideological thought in most western democracies, the question arises as to …