Despite daily fasting and feeding, plasma glucose levels are normally maintained within a
narrow range owing to the hormones insulin and glucagon. Insulin increases glucose …

Gaps remain in our understanding of the precise molecular mechanisms by which insulin
regulates glucose uptake in fat and muscle cells. Recent evidence suggests that insulin …

The stimulation of glucose uptake by insulin in muscle and adipose tissue requires
translocation of the GLUT4 glucose transporter protein from intracellular storage sites to the …

Since the discovery of insulin roughly 80 yr ago, much has been learned about how target
cells receive, interpret, and respond to this peptide hormone. For example, we now know …

WNKs are serine/threonine kinases that comprise a unique branch of the kinome. They are
so-named owing to the unusual placement of an essential catalytic lysine. WNKs have now …

It is becoming increasingly apparent that beta cell dysfunction resulting in abnormal insulin
secretion is the essential element in the progression of patients from a state of impaired …

Glucose transporter (GLUT) 4 is the major glucose transporter of muscle and adipose cells,
exquisitely regulated by insulin through posttranslational events. Twenty years after the …

Most cells contain a variety of transport vesicles traveling to different destinations. Although
many specific transport routes exist, the underlying molecular principles appear to be rather …

Upon binding and activating its cell-surface receptor, insulin triggers signaling cascades that
regulate many cellular processes. Regarding glucose homeostasis, insulin suppresses …

Insulin modulates glucose disposal in muscle and adipose tissue by regulating the cellular
redistribution of the GLUT4 glucose transporter. Protein kinase Akt/PKB is a central mediator …