Fitness is a central concept in evolutionary biology, but there is no unified definition. We
review recent theoretical developments showing that including fluctuating environments and …

Climate change has led to phenological shifts in many species, but with large variation in
magnitude among species and trophic levels. The poster child example of the resulting …

Anthropogenic threats often impose strong selection on affected populations, causing rapid
evolutionary responses. Unfortunately, these adaptive responses are rarely harnessed for …

Climate has the potential to influence evolution, but how it influences the strength or
direction of natural selection is largely unknown. We quantified the strength of selection on …

How climate change influences the dynamics of plant populations is not well understood, as
few plant studies have measured responses of vital rates to climatic variables and modeled …

Plant diversity is shaped by trade-offs between traits related to competitive ability, propagule
dispersal, and stress resistance. However, we still lack a clear understanding of how these …

Premise Anthropogenic nitrogen (N) addition alters the abiotic and biotic environment,
potentially leading to changes in patterns of natural selection (ie, trait–fitness relationships) …

Herbicides act as human‐mediated novel selective agents and community disruptors, yet
their full effects on eco‐evolutionary dynamics in natural communities have only begun to be …

Natural selection can only occur if individuals differ in fitness. For this reason, the variance in
relative fitness has been equated with the 'opportunity for selection'(I), which has a long …

In sessile organisms such as plants and benthic invertebrates, founding propagules typically
suffer extremely high rates of mortality due to both extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Many social …