A brief history of bird flu
In 1918, a strain of influenza A virus caused a human pandemic resulting in the deaths of 50
million people. A century later, with the advent of sequencing technology and corresponding …
million people. A century later, with the advent of sequencing technology and corresponding …
Highly pathogenic avian influenza is an emerging disease threat to wild birds in North America
Prior to the emergence of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (Gs/GD) H5N1 influenza A virus,
the long‐held and well‐supported paradigm was that highly pathogenic avian influenza …
the long‐held and well‐supported paradigm was that highly pathogenic avian influenza …
[HTML][HTML] H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3. 4.4 b in wild and domestic birds: Introductions into the United States and reassortments, December 2021 …
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996
lineage H5 clade 2.3. 4.4 b continue to have a devastating effect on domestic and wild birds …
lineage H5 clade 2.3. 4.4 b continue to have a devastating effect on domestic and wild birds …
A threat from both sides: Multiple introductions of genetically distinct H5 HPAI viruses into Canada via both East Asia-Australasia/Pacific and Atlantic flyways
TN Alkie, S Lopes, T Hisanaga, W Xu… - Virus …, 2022 - academic.oup.com
From 2016 to 2020, high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses circulated in Asia,
Europe, and Africa, causing waves of infections and the deaths of millions of wild and …
Europe, and Africa, causing waves of infections and the deaths of millions of wild and …
[HTML][HTML] The changing dynamics of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1: Next steps for management & science in North America
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 was introduced in North America in
late 2021 through trans-Atlantic pathways via migratory birds. These introductions have …
late 2021 through trans-Atlantic pathways via migratory birds. These introductions have …
[HTML][HTML] Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) clade 2.3. 4.4 b introduced by wild birds, China, 2021
J Tian, X Bai, M Li, X Zeng, J Xu, P Li… - Emerging Infectious …, 2023 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 clade 2.3. 4.4 b virus has spread
globally, causing unprecedented large-scale avian influenza outbreaks since 2020. In 2021 …
globally, causing unprecedented large-scale avian influenza outbreaks since 2020. In 2021 …
Pandemic potential of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3. 4.4 A (H5) viruses
R Yamaji, MD Saad, CT Davis… - Reviews in Medical …, 2020 - Wiley Online Library
The panzootic caused by A/goose/Guangdong/1/96‐lineage highly pathogenic avian
influenza (HPAI) A (H5) viruses has occurred in multiple waves since 1996. From 2013 …
influenza (HPAI) A (H5) viruses has occurred in multiple waves since 1996. From 2013 …
[HTML][HTML] Cross-species transmission potential between wild pigs, livestock, poultry, wildlife, and humans: implications for disease risk management in North America
Cross-species disease transmission between wildlife, domestic animals and humans is an
increasing threat to public and veterinary health. Wild pigs are increasingly a potential …
increasing threat to public and veterinary health. Wild pigs are increasingly a potential …
[HTML][HTML] Disentangling the role of Africa in the global spread of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza
The role of Africa in the dynamics of the global spread of a zoonotic and economically-
important virus, such as the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5Nx of the Gs/GD …
important virus, such as the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5Nx of the Gs/GD …
High pathogenicity avian influenza: targeted active surveillance of wild birds to enable early detection of emerging disease threats
Avian influenza (AI) is an important disease that has significant implications for animal and
human health. High pathogenicity AI (HPAI) has emerged in consecutive seasons within the …
human health. High pathogenicity AI (HPAI) has emerged in consecutive seasons within the …