This is an overview of the solar modulation of cosmic rays in the heliosphere. It is a broad
topic with numerous intriguing aspects so that a research framework has to be chosen to …

The interaction of the solar wind with the local interstellar medium (LISM) is attracting
renewed interest, thanks to the possibility that the Voyager spacecraft may, in the not too …

We suggest that the polar heliospheric magnetic field, at large heliocentric distances, may
deviate considerably from the generally accepted Archimedean spiral. Instead, we suggest …

Energization at a quasi‐perpendicular shock is described for ions which approach the shock
with a speed much less than that of the incoming plasma. These ions may be trapped …

We present a review of Anomalous Cosmic Rays (ACRs), including the history of their
discovery and recent insights into their acceleration and transport in the heliosphere. We …

The temporal variation of the cosmic-ray intensity in the heliosphere is called cosmic-ray
modulation. The main periodicity is the response to the 11-year solar activity cycle. Other …

Interstellar atoms penetrate the heliosphere, are ionized by solar UV radiation or charge
exchange with solar wind ions, and are “picked up” by the solar wind onto a ring distribution …

A model is constructed for the evolution of an interstellar pickup ion distribution in the solar
wind. The model assumes that the ions are immediately isotropized at ionization and follows …

The interaction of collisionless shocks with fully developed plasma turbulence is numerically
investigated. Hybrid kinetic simulations, where a turbulent jet is slammed against an oblique …

There is a growing anticipation among space scientists that a Pioneer or Voyager spacecraft
will soon pass through one of the last major frontiers in the solar system—the heliospheric …