RNA silencing is a well-established antiviral immunity system in plants, in which small RNAs
guide Argonaute proteins to targets in viral RNA or DNA, resulting in virus repression. Virus …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 20–24 nucleotide noncoding RNAs abundant in plants and
animals. The biogenesis of plant miRNAs involves transcription of miRNA genes, processing …

Auxins are plant hormones that play a central role in controlling plant growth and
development across different environmental conditions. Even at low concentrations, auxins …

Endophytic fungi infect plant tissues by evading the immune response, potentially
stimulating stress-tolerant plant growth. The plant selectively allows microbial colonization to …

Plants have developed a complex defense system against diverse pests and pathogens.
Once pathogens overcome mechanical barriers to infection, plant receptors initiate signaling …

Eukaryotic small RNAs (sRNAs) are short non-coding regulatory molecules that induce RNA
interference (RNAi). During microbial infection, host RNAi machinery is highly regulated and …

RNA silencing is a homology-dependent gene inactivation mechanism that regulates a wide
range of biological processes including antiviral defense. To deal with host antiviral …

Introduction Darwin famously characterized the rapid rise and early diversification of
flowering plants (angiosperms) in the fossil record as an “abominable mystery.” Identifying …

One of the most common challenges for both conventional and modern crop improvement is
that the appearance of one desirable trait in a new crop variety is always balanced by the …

Regulatory small RNAs, which range in size from 20 to 24 nucleotides, are ubiquitous
components of endogenous plant transcriptomes, as well as common responses to …