Liver X receptors α and β (LXRα and LXRβ) are nuclear receptors with pivotal roles in the
transcriptional control of lipid metabolism. Transcriptional activity of LXRs is induced in …

TNF is a pleiotropic cytokine with important functions in homeostasis and disease
pathogenesis. Recent discoveries have provided insights into TNF biology that introduce …

Monocytes and macrophages provide defence against pathogens and danger signals.
These cells respond to stimulation in a fast and stimulus-specific manner by utilizing …

In mammalian cells, two cellular organelles, mitochondria and peroxisomes, share the ability
to degrade fatty acid chains. Although each organelle harbors its own fatty acid β-oxidation …

Macrophages play pivotal roles in both the induction and resolution phases of inflammatory
processes. Macrophages have been shown to synthesize anti-inflammatory fatty acids in an …

Obesity induces an insulin-resistant state in adipose tissue, liver, and muscle and is a strong
risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin resistance in the setting of …

Diurnal variation in inflammatory and immune function is evident in the physiology and
pathology of humans and animals, but molecular mechanisms and mediating cell types that …

Inflammation is a multicomponent response to tissue stress, injury and infection, and a
crucial point of its control is at the level of gene transcription. The inducible inflammatory …

The interplay between cellular stress and immune response can be variable and sometimes
contradictory. The mechanisms by which stress-activated pathways regulate the …

Macrophages are key regulators of many organ systems, including innate and adaptive
immunity, systemic metabolism, hematopoiesis, vasculogenesis, malignancy, and …