Abstract TGF-β 1–3 are unique multi-functional growth factors that are only expressed in
mammals, and mainly secreted and stored as a latent complex in the extracellular matrix …

The members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily are essential
regulators of cell differentiation, phenotype and function, and have been implicated in the …

CD36, a scavenger receptor expressed in multiple cell types, mediates lipid uptake,
immunological recognition, inflammation, molecular adhesion, and apoptosis. CD36 is a …

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) is the most potent pro-fibrogenic cytokine and its
expression is increased in almost all of fibrotic diseases. Although signaling through Smad …

The existence of orderly structures, such as tissues and organs is made possible by cell
adhesion, ie, the process by which cells attach to neighbouring cells and a supporting …

Alveolar macrophages (AMs) derive from fetal liver monocytes, which colonize the lung
during embryonic development and give rise to fully mature AMs perinatally. AM …

The bioavailability of members of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family is
controlled by a number of mechanisms. Bona fide TGF-β is sequestered into the matrix in a …

Abstract Purpose of Review In this review, we highlight the most important cellular and
molecular mechanisms that contribute to cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. We also discuss …

The ability of skin to act as a barrier is primarily determined by cells that maintain the
continuity and integrity of skin and restore it after injury. Cutaneous wound healing in adult …

Breakdown of the inner endothelial blood-retinal barrier (BRB), as occurs in diabetic
retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal vein occlusions, uveitis and other …