Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is the most common healthcare-
associated infection and cause of secondary bloodstream infections. Despite many …

Biofilm formation is a key virulence factor for a wide range of microorganisms that cause
chronic infections. The multifactorial nature of biofilm development and drug tolerance …

Biofilm refers to the complex, sessile communities of microbes found either attached to a
surface or buried firmly in an extracellular matrix as aggregates. The biofilm matrix …

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a severe public health problem and are caused by a range
of pathogens, but most commonly by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus …

The clinical syndromes comprising urinary tract infection (UTI) continue to exert significant
impact on millions of patients worldwide, most of whom are otherwise healthy women …

Surface-associated microbial communities, called biofilms, are present in all environments.
Although biofilms play an important positive role in a variety of ecosystems, they also have …

Escherichia coli biofilm consists of a bacterial colony embedded in a matrix of extracellular
polymeric substances (EPS) which protects the microbes from adverse environmental …

Uncomplicated urinary‐tract infection (UTI) is most common in young, sexually active,
nonpregnant, premenopausal women. Gram‐negative bacteria are isolated from 75% to …

Biofilms are aggregate of microorganisms in which cells are frequently embedded within a
self-produced matrix of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and adhere to each other …

The influence of microorganisms growing as sessile communities in a large number of
human infections has been extensively studied and recognized for 30–40 years, therefore …