The IMD pathway signaling plays a pivotal role in the Drosophila defense against bacteria.
During the last two decades, significant progress has been made in identifying the …

A hallmark of the potent, multifaceted antimicrobial defence of Drosophila melanogaster is
the challenge-induced synthesis of several families of antimicrobial peptides by cells in the …

Misregulated innate immune signaling and cell death form the basis of much human disease
pathogenesis. Inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein family members are frequently …

Ticks are ectoparasitic arthropods that necessarily feed on the blood of their vertebrate
hosts. The success of blood acquisition depends on the pharmacological properties of tick …

Originally described in insect viruses, cellular proteins with Baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR)
motifs have been thought to function primarily as inhibitors of apoptosis. The subsequent …

NOD1 and NOD2 are members of the NOD-like receptor (NLR) protein family that are
involved in sensing the presence of pathogens and are a component of the innate immune …

The caspase family of cysteine proteases has been functionally divided into two groups:
those involved in apoptosis and those involved in innate immune signalling. Recent findings …

Abstract Inhibitors of Apoptosis (IAPs) are a family of proteins with various biological
functions including regulation of innate immunity and inflammation, cell proliferation, cell …

Abstract Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB)/Rel transcription factors form an integral part of innate
immune defenses and are conserved throughout the animal kingdom. Studying the function …

Inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are a conserved family of proteins identified in species
ranging from virus, yeasts, nematodes, fishes, flies and mammals. The common structural …