Eukaryotic cells create internal order by using protein motors to transport molecules and
organelles along cytoskeletal tracks. Recent genomic and functional studies suggest that …

Calcium functions as a versatile messenger in mediating responses to hormones,
biotic/abiotic stress signals and a variety of developmental cues in plants. The Ca2+ …

Roots hairs are cylindrical extensions of root epidermal cells that are important for
acquisition of nutrients, microbe interactions, and plant anchorage. The molecular …

Background The evolutionary history of organisms is expressed in phylogenetic trees. The
most widely used phylogenetic trees describing the evolution of all organisms have been …

Background The WD motif (also known as the Trp-Asp or WD40 motif) is found in a multitude
of eukaryotic proteins involved in a variety of cellular processes. Where studied, repeated …

Plants exhibit an ultimate case of the intracellular motility involving rapid organelle trafficking
and continuous streaming of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Although it was long assumed …

Pollen tubes are a good model for the study of cell growth and morphogenesis because of
their extreme elongation without cell division. Yet, knowledge about the genetic basis of …

Pollen tubes extend rapidly via tip growth. This process depends on a dynamic actin
cytoskeleton, which has been implicated in controlling organelle movements, cytoplasmic …

Glucosinolates are a class of secondary metabolites with important roles in plant defense
and human nutrition. To uncover regulatory mechanisms of glucosinolate production, we …

The cytoskeleton coordinates all aspects of growth in plant cells, including exocytosis of
membrane and wall components during cell expansion. This review seeks to integrate …