As in human speech acquisition, songbird vocal learning depends on early auditory
experience. During development, juvenile songbirds listen to and form auditory memories of …

Motor skills learned through practice are consolidated at later time, which can include
nighttime, but the time course of motor memory consolidation and its underlying …

Songbirds are a unique model to study language development in humans. Birdsong, as
human language, is acquired through complex vocal learning processes during which …

Birds, like mammals, have multiple forms of sleep including rapid eye movement sleep
(REM) and slow wave sleep (SWS). It is not known why or how these specialized stages of …

Budgerigars use contact calls and warble-songs. Previous studies have found that they
acquire these songs through vocal learning, but to date, there have been no long term …