Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus, primarily
arising from type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and can progress to chronic kidney disease (CKD) and …

In addition to their classical roles as bacterial sensors, NOD1 and NOD2 have been
implicated as mediators of metabolic disease. Increased expression of NOD1 and/or NOD2 …

During pregnancy, the human body is quite vulnerable to external stimuli. Zinc oxide
nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are widely used in daily life, and they enter the human body via …

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Salvia Miltiorrhiza Radix et Rhizoma (Danshen)
and Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong) are both traditional Chinese medicines with …

Objective It is believed that intestinal recruitment of monocytes from Crohn's Disease (CD)
patients who carry NOD2 risk alleles may repeatedly give rise to recruitment of pathogenic …

Our understanding of lysosomes has undergone a significant transformation in recent years,
from the view that they are static organelles primarily responsible for the disposal and …

Bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan is composed of innate immune ligands and, due to its
important structural role, also regulates access to many other innate immune ligands …

NOD2 polymorphisms may affect sensing of the bacterial muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and
trigger perturbed inflammatory responses. Genetic screening of a patient with …

Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is a devastating and incurable neurodegenerative disease
characterised by progressive ataxia, difficulty speaking and swallowing. Consequently …

Cutaneous group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are spatially and epigenetically poised to
respond to barrier compromise and associated immunological threats. ILC2, lacking …