Abstract Background Emerging evidence from China suggests that coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19) is deadlier for infected men than women with a 2.8% fatality rate being …

A male bias in mortality has emerged in the COVID-19 pandemic, which is consistent with
the pathogenesis of other viral infections. Biological sex differences may manifest …

The high mortality rate of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
infection is a critical concern of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic …

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has increased awareness about sex-specific differences
in immunity and outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Strong evidence of a male bias …

Immune responses to antigens, including innocuous, self, tumor, microbial, and vaccine
antigens, differ between males and females. The quest to uncover the mechanisms for …

Strong epidemiological evidence now exists that sex is an important biologic variable in
immunity. Recent studies, for example, have revealed that sex differences are associated …

Intracellular delivery is a key step in biological research and has enabled decades of
biomedical discoveries. It is also becoming increasingly important in industrial and medical …

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a unique sentinel cell type that can detect pathogen-
derived nucleic acids and respond with rapid and massive production of type I interferon …

These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the
immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical …

Sexual dimorphisms account for differences in clinical manifestations or incidence of
infectious or autoimmune diseases and malignancy between females and males. Females …