Plant hormones are essential for regulating the interactions between plants and their
complex biotic and abiotic environments. Each hormone initiates a specific molecular …

Plants constantly monitor and cope with the fluctuating environment while hosting a diversity
of plant‐inhabiting microbes. The mode and outcome of plant–microbe interactions …

In the past four decades, tremendous progress has been made in understanding how plants
respond to microbial colonization and how microbial pathogens and symbionts reprogram …

Summary Receptor‐like kinases (RLKs), which constitute the largest receptor family in
plants, are essential for perceiving and relaying information about various environmental …

The circadian oscillator is a complex network of interconnected feedback loops that
regulates a wide range of physiological processes. Indeed, variation in clock genes has …

Plants require an endogenous regulatory network and mechanism to cope with diurnal
environmental changes and compensate for their sessile nature. Plants use the circadian …

The nucleocytoplasmic exchange is of fundamental importance to eukaryotic life and is
mediated by karyopherins, a superfamily of nuclear transport receptors. However, the …

Metabolism is the system layer that determines growth by the rate of matter uptake and
conversion into biomass. The scaffold of enzymatic reaction rates drives the metabolic …

Leaf senescence is an essential physiological process that is accompanied by the
remobilization of nutrients from senescent leaves to young leaves or other developing …

Light is essential for plant life. It provides a source of energy through photosynthesis and
regulates plant growth and development and other cellular processes, such as by controlling …