This paper surveys the literature on historical national accounting, discusses the importance
of relative income benchmarks for, in particular, historical income estimates, and presents an …

We provide an overview of the relationship between financial networks and systemic risk.
We present a taxonomy of different types of systemic risk, differentiating between direct …

We are part of Nature, not separate from it. We rely on Nature to provide us with food, water
and shelter; regulate our climate and disease; maintain nutrient cycles and oxygen …

Economists' understanding of long-run economic development has greatly improved thanks
to the historical statistics compiled by the late Angus Maddison. Yet his method for …

Introduction it was like a science fiction movie. While I was on another phone I saw Erin, who
was a few thousand miles away, enter my daughter Elena's smartphone and move around …

A systematic investigation of growth in nature and society, from tiny organisms to the
trajectories of empires and civilizations. Growth has been both an unspoken and an explicit …

The increasing global demand for farmland products is placing unprecedented pressure on
the global agricultural system and its water resources. Many regions of the world, that are …

The post-World War II period witnessed a rapid rise in trade between nations, reminiscent of
the integration that occurred before World War 1 (see WTO 2013; Krugman 1995). This …

Globalization and economic growth are recognized as key drivers of biological invasions.
Alien species have become a feature of almost every biological community worldwide, and …

The decade from 1985 to 1995 will go down in history as an unprecedented period in which
global trade barriers were reduced. Some trade agreements (the North American Free Trade …